Nagaland, a state celebrated for its rich cultural diversity and stunning landscapes, is home to various indigenous communities, each with unique traditions and languages. Among these, the Peren district, often referred to as the “Green District,” is inhabited by the Zeliangrong and Kuki Naga tribes, contributing to its vibrant cultural tapestry.

In this region, maize is not just a crop; it is a lifeline. Serving as a staple food source for several Naga tribes, maize cultivation is well-suited to the local climate and landscape, supporting both subsistence and commercial agriculture. It holds a special place in the cultural customs and celebrations.

At the heart of this agricultural narrative is Mr. James Khupseh, a 68-year-old lead farmer from Songlhuh village in the Ahthibung Subdivision of Peren. A proud father of four, James embodies the spirit of traditional agriculture, having practiced crop diversification and mixed cropping for generations. Farmers in this area typically sow maize seeds from March to early May, with maize and paddy rice being the primary crops. For James and many smallholders in Songlhuh, maize is not only a source of income but also a crucial component of their family’s diet.

James cultivates maize on a less than one-acre plot, employing shifting cultivation techniques. His diverse farming practices include growing paddy, vegetables, pulses, spices, cereals, and fruit-bearing plants. The support from Caritas India’s FARM North East (NE) program has been transformative for James. Through technical guidance and resources, the FARM NE team has empowered him to adopt scientific cultivation methods and improve his yields. As an active member of the Alpha Farmers Club Songlhuh, James has shared his extensive knowledge of traditional agricultural systems, contributing indigenous seed varieties to Seed Resource Centres (SRCs) and facilitating seed exchanges with Caritas India Partner, IDEA in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh.

Recognizing his dedication to maize cultivation, the FARM NE team provided James with maize and vegetable seeds from the SRCs. They introduced an integrated farming system that allows him to cultivate a variety of crops on a single plot, enhancing both productivity and sustainability. Additionally, the team facilitated market linkages, enabling him to sell his produce at the Organic AC market in Chumoukedima, Nagaland.

In 2023, James earned an impressive Rs. 60,000 from his maize harvest over six months. The distinct flavor and quality of Songlhuh maize have created strong demand among traders, further boosting his income. In 2024, he planted 5 kgs of maize seeds alongside other crops like rice and vegetables, ensuring both supplemental income and food for his family.

Local markets in Jalukie and Ahthibung are bustling venues where farmers like James sell their produce. By July 2024, he began selling the produce, including 6 corn cobs for 50 rupees, harvesting twice a week. While he primarily sold to middlemen, the FARM NE team’s support helped him reach customers at the Organic AC market, resulting in a profit of Rs. 63,000 from maize cultivation by August 2024.

Ms. Rokosenuo Medoze, a Field Project Assistant with FARM, highlighted James’ contributions, noting that his dedication and success serve as an inspiration to many farmers in the region. His commitment to maize farming has made a tangible impact, motivating others to embrace this vital crop.

However, challenges persist. In March and April 2024, James observed the adverse effects of climate change, including excessive heat impacting crop yields in Songlhuh and surrounding villages. Despite these challenges, he remains committed to supporting fellow farmers and contributing maize to the SRCs. As a role model for many, especially the youth, James is inspiring a new generation to pursue agriculture as a viable career, fostering food security and sovereignty in their communities.

Through programs like FARM NE, Caritas India is not only uplifting smallholder farmers like James but also promoting climate-adaptive measures that ensure sustainable livelihoods and food security for the future.